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| Tiffen 4x565 Infrared IR Neutral Density ND 3 1 Stop Hot Mirror Filter | |
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| New Schneider 5x5 Grad Neutral Density ND3 HE Filter Hard Edge Tiffen Filters | |
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| New Schneider 6x4 ND3 HE Filter Neutral Density Hard Edge Tiffen Filters | |
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| Heliopan 58MM Variable 1 to 66 stops Gray ND Neutral Density Filter 705890 | |
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| Fader 77mm High Definition Neutral Density Filter | |
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| Lee Filters 100x100mm Standard Neutral Density Pro Glass 09 | |
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| Fader ND Filter ND2 to ND400 77mm Neutral Density | |
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| Genus GNDF 82 82mm ND Neutral Density Fader Filter | |
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| TIFFEN 72VND 72MM NEUTRAL DENSITY VARIABLE FADER ND FILTER ND2 ND4 ND6 ND8 | |
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| LCW Fader ND ND2 ND400 82 mm 82mm Neutral Density | |
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| Cokin U960 Graduated ND Neutral Density Z PRO Filter Kit Z121L Z121M Z121S | |
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Neutral Density
Neutral Density
Using Filters For Landscape Photography
Filters are used in photography to bring back an image to the way our eyes have perceived the original scene. Some times it's not possible for our cameras to record an exact scene - so we have to rely on the manufacturers of camera products.
Filters also help us to create mood in our images and bring out the best in a scene. A small selection of filters is well worth packing when heading off for a trip. They don't take up too much space and will definitely add a bit of spice to your images.
Filters work by being placed in front of your camera lens. You can also place several filters in front of your camera at any given time.
Lets take a look at the most important ones to use.
Neutral Density Filters (ND): Neutral Density filters will certainly help you with tough exposures. These filters work by cutting down the light that reaches your lens. These filters come in a variety of strengths with the most popular being 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 - these filters will help with exposure without affecting colour.
One half of these filters is dark and the other is completely clear. They basically work by reducing brightness. The different numbers stand for the amount of brightness they reduce - 0.3 ND reduces light by one stop - 0.6 reduces light by 2 stops - 0.9 reduces light by three stops.
Lets say you arrive at a high contrast scene, - you take a light reading of the sky and get an exposure reading of F/22 at 1/8 second; you take a reading from the ground in front of you and get a reading of F/22 at 1 second. This is a difference of three stops of light. You need to reduce the brightness of the sky. By using the 0.9 ND you will reduce the light in the sky by three stops without affecting the light hitting the ground in front of you.
Polarizing Filters: A polarizing filter should be top of the list - a polarizing filter can be used with colour or black and white and is probably the most important filter on the market today. The polarizing filter will also darken the blue sky to give it a strong rich colour. It will make mist stand out and can be also used to give fast flowing water a misty effect. This filter is most effective with side lighting.
Warm-up filters: In overcast conditions, don't put your camera away. This is an ideal time for you to switch your attention to landscape detail. On an overcast day images often appear cold and dull. Try using a warm-up filter. These filters will remove the dull effect that you get shooting without the sun.
The 81-series are the best choice and will give your images an extra bit of life. An 81A warm-up filter is ideal to use in adding extra warmth to low light images.
Filters for B/W photography: Just because you use black and white film it doesn't mean that you can't use filters - there are several filters for B/W photography. The polarizing filter is one of the few filters that work for B/W and colour photography. It will help to darken shades of grey in your final print.
The red filter is one of the most popular. This filter will darken the sky giving your image more impact. The most common red filter is the number 25. Filters for B/W work by transmitting light of its own colour, and holds back light of the other colours.
There's a large amount of filters available; these are the most important filters for landscape photography.
There are also several filters on the market today that will do very little for your photography. Colour graduated filters should be left at home or placed in the bin - colour graduated filters work by creating un-natural colours, destroying your final print.
About the Author
To learn about corn on foot and corn on toe, visit the Removing Corns website.
how much of a neutral density filter do you use a hard edge or a soft grad, for a cokin rectagle ( 4x6) filter?
I'm not sure if a 2 stop or 3 stop filter would be more effective
Like any other photographic tool, which filter is appropriate for the shot depends entirely on the scene you are trying to shoot.
If you can only have one of the two, get the 2 stop. I prefer soft grads to hard edges, but that's just me.
Neutral Density (ND) Glass Filters Tutorial (HD)